Alan H. Adams, D.C.

**Comments in red by Stephen Barrett, M.D. A. Chiropractic College Profile In 1996, there were 16 colleges of chiropractic in the United States (Table 3). The geographic distribution of chiropractic educational institutions demonstrates concentrations in the Midwest and the West with five colleges in each region. Ten of the colleges were established prior to 1945, though they may have gone through several reorganizations or mergers before achieving their current name and status. The most recently established college in the U.S. is the University of Bridgeport College of Chiropractic in Connecticut. Table 3. Chiropractic Colleges in the United States (1996) West Midwest South Northeast Cleveland Chiropractic College Carl S. Cleveland, III, DC,   President 590 N. Vermont Avenue Los Angeles, CA 90004 Cleveland Chiropractic College Carl S. …

**Comments in red by Stephen Barrett, M.D. A. History and Development of Research 1. Early Investigations and Research “Legitimate, sustained, scientific research in chiropractic is a rather recent phenomenon. However, throughout chiropractic’s 100-year history, the terms ‘research’ and ‘science’ have been among the most popular in the literature of chiropractic and have often been used in ways that are unfamiliar to most scientists” (Keating, 1995). **Early chiropractors reasoned that chiropractic was “a well developed science” because it fit a dictionary definition (“systematized knowledge considered as a distinct field of investigation or objhect of study”). Although science fits this definition, so do medical astrology and virtually every other type of pseudoscience. In those early years, the term “science” was found in numerous publications in the professions …